After the civil war in 1861-65, the reconstruction took place, almost immediately, since whites lost all their authority towards blacks as slaves, they began to demoralize blacks attempting to “keep n*****s in their place” through means of terror, and harsh laws, such as the Ku Klux Klan who were an organization dedicated to 100% Americanism and saw blacks as foreign scum that needed to be eradicated, and also black codes (Black Codes were laws passed by Southern States between 1865 and 1866. These laws had were intended to restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to continue working in the labor economy on low wages or debt), and Jim Crow laws the laws that kept blacks and whites separate but "equal". Soon enough by the late 1800’s and the early 1900’s blacks realized there was no hope left in the south, and the great migration began.
“Sometimes I feel discriminated against, but it does not make me angry. It merely astonishes me. How can anyone deny themselves the pleasure of my company? It's beyond me." - Zora Neal Hurston